Lexicon
HOMA-IR
Definition
Insulin resistance is the underlying mechanism of the metabolic syndrome and can be assessed by the Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR). [1] HOMA-IR is a simple and widely used method for determining insulin resistance, alongside the alternative Triglyceride-Glucose (TyG) index. [1]
How it works
Insulin resistance is a determining factor in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus, and exercise is known to improve it. [2] Because HOMA-IR is derived from fasting insulin and glucose, its distribution varies according to the age, sex, and race of the subjects, which complicates estimation of an optimal cut-off point. [1]
Connected concepts
How it's measured
HOMA-IR is calculated from fasting measurements and, unlike the alternative Triglyceride-Glucose index, requires the use of an insulin assay. [1] Lifestyle and dietary interventions that improve insulin sensitivity, including higher dietary fibre intake and intermittent fasting, produce measurable reductions in HOMA-IR. [3] [4]
What levels mean
There is a high degree of variability in determining threshold levels of HOMA-IR for defining insulin resistance, and existing data show varying cut-off values. [1] In a systematic review and meta-analysis of 38 studies with 215,878 participants, a higher HOMA-IR value significantly increased the risk of developing type 2 diabetes
Community knowledge
## Calculation And Risk Marker
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- 1.Tahapary DL, Pratisthita LB, Fitri NA, Marcella C, Wafa S, Kurniawan F, Rizka A, Tarigan TJE. Challenges in the diagnosis of insulin resistance: Focusing on the role of HOMA-IR and Tryglyceride/glucose index. Diabetes Metab Syndr · 2022
- 2.Sampath Kumar A, Maiya AG, Shastry BA, Vaishali K, Ravishankar N, Hazari A, Gundmi S, Jadhav R. Exercise and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Phys Rehabil Med · 2019
- 3.Reynolds AN, Akerman AP, Mann J. Dietary fibre and whole grains in diabetes management: Systematic review and meta-analyses. PLoS Med · 2020
- 4.Yuan X, Wang J, Yang S, Gao M, Cao L, Li X, Hong D, Tian S. Effect of Intermittent Fasting Diet on Glucose and Lipid Metabolism and Insulin Resistance in Patients with Impaired Glucose and Lipid Metabolism: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Endocrinol · 2022
- 5.González-González JG, Violante-Cumpa JR, Zambrano-Lucio M, Burciaga-Jimenez E, Castillo-Morales PL, Garcia-Campa M, Solis RC, González-Colmenero AD. HOMA-IR as a predictor of Health Outcomes in Patients with Metabolic Risk Factors: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
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